Structure and main components
Despite the big variety of concrete package developments, it is possible to select following main components of the software:
- Source languages;
- Subject support;
- System support.
It is important to mark that such splitting into components mirrors first of all the functions executable by programs, instead of structure of programs which depends on specific features of a concrete package. In different packages the specified components can be developed in a various degree or at all be absent. However the most developed programs, as a rule, possess all these components, each of which can have difficult enough structure.
In the numerous operations devoted to a package problematics, because of not settled terminology other names of components of programs are quite often used. For example, the source language name also as language of jobs or handle language. Terms are applied to the denotation of subject support "functional filling", "a functional subsystem" or "a package body". System support often name as system filling, the control program, and also the package processor.
Let's consider functions of each of program components.
Source languages represent a resource of dialogue of the user with a package. The developed package can possess the several source languages intended for performance of various functions and oriented to various types of users. It is possible to select following main types of users of the software:
The developer program обечпечения, carrying out its modification and development taking into account change of a circle of users, a class of solved tasks (appearance of new types of tasks, development of numerical methods, modification of forms of work etc.), and also structure hardware and the computer software:
Responsible for support which functions include package maintenance in an up state in the conditions of the concrete computing system (support of safety of programs and data arrays, timely backup of informational files, error checking in package programs).
The manager who is responsible for the organisation of access of users to a package, database contents, protection of the information against unauthorized access;
The end user applying a package for solution of concrete applied tasks.
Source languages mirror size and quality of resources given by a package, and also convenience of their usage. Thus, from the point of view of the end user the source language is the main metric of possibilities of an application
As source languages can be used both universal, and specialised programming languages. For example, as the source language of software developer for writing of applied and system programs of a package this or that general-purpose language of programming (the Fortran, Paskal) is usually used. At the same time the source language of the end user in the developed package, as a rule, is language of qualitatively higher level in comparison with general-purpose languages. Graphic resources of such language consider features of tasks of a subject domain and specificity of users. Similar languages name subject-oriented.